"a particular acquaintance": Ralph Allen <http://www.answers.com/topic/ralph-allen>

p. 24 "HUMAN NATURE"
reading and consumption / feeding an indiscriminate and undiscriminating audience

insistence on food stresses physical aspects. It may also be a Homeric echo (big feasts). The immediate refusal of author's gentlemanly status! (The explicitly non-gentlemanly beginning esp. interesting in view of Claude Rawson's article (Cambridge Companion to the 18th cty novel) emphasizes Fielding's patrician origin and distaste for Richardson's titillations.

p. 25 "seem"; p. 26 "prudence"
allegorical names; reader guidance: digressions (what functions do digressions have in this book?)
Hypocrisy in the gentry

p. 47: Notice the irony: "I am not possessed of any touchstone, which can distinguish the true from the false"
Allworthy as model patron

"her namesake" (Saint Bridget of Ireland) as "Christ's foster mother" <http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/stb03002.htm>

Captain Blifil's "inclination to Methodism" <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methodism>; <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10237b.htm>

Hogarth's picture (as a description of Miss Bridget) from "Four Times of the Day" (Morning) <http://www.library.northwestern.edu/spec/hogarth/Decay2.html>

p. 63 "twenty pound" would have been £2,357.63 in 2002.
<http://eh.net/hmit/ppowerbp/>
p. 63 William Hogarth, "A Harlot's Progress" (picture 3 as a description of Mrs Partridge) <http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=7146>

p. 86: "... who well knew the true state of her affections..." :)
"decent"
p. 88 "the fit had continued a decent time..."

III.5

p. 113 Thwackum on charity (compare II.5, p. 73)

p. 116 "mercy" vs. "justice"

mock-epic description of the battle in the churchyard
p.143 narrator promises to give a reason for Square's decision to return to the church-yard (will be given on p. 184)

p. 150: Squire Western calls Allworthy "As errant a whoremaster as any within five miles o'un"

p. 148 "Bridewel" (house of correction)
William Hogarth, "A Harlot's Progress" (plate 4: "Moll in Bridewel")

p. 167: "initial essays ... essentially necessary"
"rule ... in all prosai-comi-epic writing"
p. 168 role of critics
p. 169 importance of contrast

p. 183, 2nd Par.: "Now, whether Molly in he agonies of her rage..."
- narrator is not sure!
"I question not the surprize of the reader ...": the reader has so far,
like Allworthy, Tom etc. been judging from appearances.
p. 184: backlash to IV.8, p. 143

p. 186 Square's "defense": "I have done nothing for which that part of the world which judges of matters ... will condemn me"

"deathbed" scene
p. 195: goodness, generosity, honour & prudence and religion = Allworthy's cardinal virtues
p. 196 mysterious gentleman (messenger) talks to Blifil

different reactions to A's testament
Blifil's mother has died

p. 205: "historic truth"; p. 206 "Natureingang", locus amoenus
p. 208: "we never chuse to assign motives to the actions of men, when there is any possibility of our being mistaken"

"love" / "hunger"
"benevolent disposition" / "happiness of others" (218)

p. 219: "Examine your heart, my good reader...": Stop reading if you do not understand!

p. 227: see William Hogarth's "The Distrest Poet"

Allworthy tells Blifil of the marriage proposal between B. and Sophia.
229 Blifil's passions: "avarice" and "ambition"

Mrs Western and Sophia / Sophia agrees to receive Blifil

"conversation" between Blifil and Sophia
p. 240 Western's fit of passion (first joy, then rage)

Jones and Sophia

Mr. Western visits Allworthy
Blifil tells Allworthy about Tom's drunkenness (cf. V.9-12)

links
Spark Notes

performance theory (avant la lettre)

p. 263 St James's / Drury Lane (Drury Lane reopened 1747 under Garrick)
p. 265 David Garrick (1717-1779)

Examiner (Swift?) about Whigs and Tories: [http://www.infopt.demon.co.uk/grub/whigtory.htm]

description of Squire Western as Tory

p. 273 the King over the water : the Stuarts (The Old and Young Pretender)

Sophia and her father; reconciliation between brother and sister

Blifil's 2nd visit

Sophia decides to run away; Mrs Honour's stratagem

Mrs Honour's dilemma; her stratagem carried out with Mrs Western's maid
288 "sir-name" (malapropism)

p. 287 £3000 in 1749 would have been £353,645.10 in 2002. http://eh.net/hmit/ppowerbp/

Tom is on the road to Bristol
Hambrook (cfr. p. 458)
p. 296 The Quaker's story (foil to Sophia)

p. 295 Quaker
p.296 "a £100 a year" = £11,788.17 http://eh.net/hmit/ppowerbp/

p.299 three shillings and four-pence: £19.65
p. 300 "marching against the rebels" see: The Old and Young Pretender
see also: Culloden
p. 301 Hogarth: March to Finchley

on the marvellous:
(romances, older epics vs. "history", realist novel)
p. 325 possibility, probability; credibility / incredibility
p. 328 "conservation of character"
p. 327 "epitaph-writer", cf. II.9 p. 90

p. 324 Lord Shaftesbury

Little Benjamin, the barber (Partridge)
p. 336 "hiatus in manuscriptis"

p. 336 "hiatus in manuscriptis" cf. Toker http://www.uni-tuebingen.de/connotations/toker412.htm

Tom's conversation with little Benjamin
p. 341 Partridge's Books (Robinson Crusoe!)

Partridge's true reasons
p. 346 Tom's defects: want of caution, no diffidence in the veracity of others; genius

Gloucester, the Bell
p. 349 Dowling (attorney who had brought the news of Mrs Blifil's death) and the Petty-fogger

Partridge and Tom on the foot of a hill

The Man of the Hill:
Story continued (Mr. Watson, gambling in London)

Hogarth: scene in a Gaming House [http://www.peterwestern.f9.co.uk/hogarth/hogarth11.html]

introductory chapters as "mark or stamp"; definition of genre
p. 395 foolish novels / monstrous romances
p. 396 definitions of romances and novels
p. 397 genius, invention, judgment
p. 398 characters of men

p. 398:
Johnson (Samuel Johnson, 1709-84), but Fielding means Ben Jonson (1572-1637), William Wycherley (1640-1716), Thomas Otway (1652-1685):
Garrick: David Garrick (1717-1779) , Cibber: Colley Cibber (1671-1757)/ Susanna Maria Arne (1714-66); Clive : Catherine Clive (1711-1785)

White Lion in Upton-upon-Severn

The lady is Mrs Waters

eating scene; mock heroic battle (of the amorous kind)
p. 415 "Say then, Graces..." (Invocation of Muses)

fights and drinking in the kitchen

"fuller Account of Mrs Waters" (cf. IX.2)

links
Spark Notes

Warning not to judge the book before the end
p. 425 critic as "reptile"
p. 426 characters are neither utterly good nor utterly bad

"Mrs. Abigail" is eating in the kitchen

The two ladies are Sophia and Mrs Honour
p.443: "I can forgive all rather than his exposing my name in so barbarous a manner".
muff

madness of Tom and folly of Mr. Fitzpatrick
p. 445: muff

Squire Western and Mrs Western;
p. 448 muff

A crust for critics
p. 463: judgment vs. condemnation
p. 464 critic = "slanderer of the repuation of books"

Sophia's adventures after her leaving Upton

p. 471 "sagacious" landlord thinks that the two ladies are "rebel ladies", and Sophia is Jenny Cameron (portrait)
Bonnie Prince Charlie

The history of Mrs. Fitzpatrick
p. 477 Relationship between Fitzp. and Mrs. Western: "strictly honourable = rob a lady of her fortune by way of marriage"

The history of Mrs. Fitzpatrick, cont.
p. 480 tailor's letter
p. 483 "imprudent match" = "not an arrant prostitute"

Interruption by landlord
p. 484 the landlord's "excellent news"

The history of Mrs. Fitzpatrick, concluded
p.489: Mrs Fitzpatrick's reading list

Alarm in the Inn
p.494: description of Billingsgate (fish market) language: parody / Homeric simile ("metaphor and figure")
Irish Lord arrives

p. 500 £100 = £11,788.17 http://eh.net/hmit/ppowerbp/
p 502 "the art in improving nature":
Eastbury House / Stowe Garden / Stowe Garden / Wilton House Garden
Prior Park
The English Landscape Garden

London; hints concerning virtue and suspicion
p. 504: "The most formal appearance of virtue..."

on plagiarism; ancient and modern writers

End of Squire Western's journey

Adventure of a Beggar-man:

p. 519 Jones gets Sophia's pocket-book (lost in IX.9 on p. 500; finally returned on p. 601)

p. 523 puppet-show
p. 525 "throwing out Punch and his wife Joan" (compare Germany) "calculated to improve the morals of young people"

The landlady discovers her maid with Merry Andrew
p. 528 Jones has not slept since his accident in Bristol (ch. 7)

p. 530 Partridge tells the fellow drinkers that his master is mad
p. 531 it is difficult to prove madness

Tom rescues Merry Andrew. He tells him that Sophia has been in town a day ago.
p. 536: "If any reader is shocked ..." (narrator about "historical" truth

Dowling and Tom drink a bottle of wine - Tom tells his story.
p. 544 "... if we should happen to meet Mr Dowling any more..."
(promise?)

Highwayman is rewarded;
p. 561 "whether he kept his word or no, perhaps may appear later" (s. XIII.10, p. 598)

Invocation to fame, money, genius, humanity, learning and experience

Arrival in London.

Jones tries to find the Irish Lord's house; arrives at Mrs Fitzpatrick's ten minutes after Sophia has left
compare endings of ch. 2, 4, 7, beginning of ch. 9

Map of London (John Rocque, 1746)

p. 565: Dr. Misaubin: see William Hogarth's "A Harlot's Progress" (plate 5) and Marriage a la Mode (National Gallery: (If this does not work, click http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/ and type "Hogarth" in the query field)

Visiting: Tom, Lady Bellaston, Irish Lord at Mrs Fitzpatrick's

p. 576 description of Tom's lodgings in Bond Street; Mrs Miller, Nancy, Betty,
p. 579 Nightingale
p. 580 "As our history does not, like a newspaper, give great characters..." (narrator promises that we will hear more from Mrs Miller)

Tom receives a domino costume for a masquerade

Tom at the masquerade; he follows Lady Bellaston

p. 586: John James Heydegger [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_James_Heidegger]

p. 590: Tom has got £50 from Lady Bellaston
p. 592 Mrs Miller on love-matches;
Tom gives 10 guineas for Mrs Miller's poor relatives (s. ch. 10)

£50 in 2002: £5,762.66

Mrs Miller's cousin Mr. Anderson comes to thank Tom - he is the highwayman (s. XII.14 p. 561)

p.

Waiting in Lady Bellaston's house, Tom encounters Sophia.
p. 601 pocket-book returned;
p.602f Tom apologizes for his affair with Mrs Waters, Sophia reproaches his spreading her name; marriage proposal declined

As Lady Bellaston enters, things get difficult for all three...

p.

p. 609 Writing requires knowledge: "As several gentlemen ... by the wonderful force of genius only..."

p. 609 William Pitt [http://www.britannia.com/gov/primes/prime5.html]

two letters by Lady Bellaston; Lady Bellaston hiding behind curtain when Honour comes to Jones;
Jones' visits to Lady B. should officially be regarded as visits to Sophia

Nightingale intends to leave the house secretly because his father has arranged a marriage for him

Mrs Miller's story / Lady Bellaston does not come this night
p. 626 "for our business is only to record truth"

Nightingale has left, Nancy is pregnant and has tried to kill herself

Jones visits Nightingale, convinces him to marry Nancy

Jones visits Nightingale sen.; tells him and his brother that young N. has already married.
Nightingale's brother thinks that parents should not choose their children's partners, but might forbid certain choices:
p. 641 : "... a parent ... ought to be consulted ... and in strictness perhaps hould at least have a negative voice."

Honour brings dreadful news from Sophia

"too short to need a Preface": It is not true "that virtue is the certain road to happiness, and vice to misery" - unless virtue means the "cardinal virtues" only (justice, prudence, temperance, fortitude)

Lord Fellamar falls in love with Sophia

A lie (that Tom had been killed in a duel) proves to Lord F. that Sophia is in love with Tom; Lady Bellaston suggests that Lord Fellamar should rape Sophia the next day

Classic examples for rape

p. 658 Lord F: "my eyes must have been very faithless interpreters of my heart..." (cf. Shakespeare's sonnets)
Squire Western enters and interrupts the intended rape; p. 661f: he is drunk and uses rude & provocative language to Lord Fellamar

Mrs Fitzpatrick's letter to Squire Western;

p. 666 "Hannover Law ": Western is Anti-Hannoveranian
Examiner (Swift?) about Whigs and Tories: [http://www.infopt.demon.co.uk/grub/whigtory.htm]

see also song "The Vicar of Bray" and notes: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vicar_of_Bray_(song)]

Honour tells Jones that Sophia has been "imprisoned" by her father; Lady Bellaston arrives, Honour hides behind curtain, while Lady B. flirts with Jones; Nightingale, drunk, returns from his uncle, Lady B. detects Honour

Nightingale and Nancy marry at Doctor's Commons
p. 675: Narrator thinks that readers might conclude the main design of this story "is to bring Mr Jones to the gallows"

Allworthy's visit announced; Tom and Nightingale will have to leave to make room for Blifil and A.;
p. 683: Honour's letter to Jones

Of Prologues; p. 691: "most of which, like modern prologues, may as properly be prefixed to any other book in this history..."

Sophia is still confined; a friend of Lord Fellamar's comes to Western to hear his apologies for his behaviour in XV.6 (p. 661f); Western should accept Fellamar as his son-in-law, otherwise there should be a duel; Western declines "I have enough to look after at home" (p. 694)

p. 692: "Picadilly ... Hercules Pillars": Piccadilly, going from Regent Circus at the intersection of Regent Street, west-south-westward to Hyde Park corner, was long a short and indifferent street extending no farther than to the foot of Sackville Street, appears first on record under its present name in 1673; is supposed to have got that name from the sale in it of stiff collars called pickadilles, much worn from 1605 to 1620. ... Apsley House, at Hyde Park corner, took its name from Baron Apsley, Earl Bathurst; was built in 1785 near the site of a once famous inn called the Hercules Pillars, and was purchased and reconstructed by the great Duke of Wellington and occupied by him during the last thirty-two years of his life. [http://www.uk-genealogy.org.uk/england/London/gazetteer/B.html]

Mrs Western "recaptures" Sophia

Tom Jones receives a letter from Sophia; Together with Mrs Miller and Partridge at a performance of Hamlet
Mrs. Fitzpatrick approaches Jones.

Western has told Blifil to come to London and get Sophia.

Western and Blifil visit Aunt Western

Lady Bellaston and Lord Fellamar: Tom Jones should get sent on board a ship. Lady Bellaston gives Tom's marriage proposal to Aunt Western.

Mr Fitzpatrick attacks Jones - in the duel, Fitzpatrick gets hurt - "mortally", as the physician says; Jones gets arrested; letter from Sophia who has read his marriage proposal to Lady Bellaston.

comic vs tragic writing:
promise to find a happy ending without "shocking the faith of our reader"

Blifil tells Allworthy that Tom has been arrested for murder. Mrs Miller defends Tom

p. 740 Sophia as a hunted doe;
She succeeds to convince her aunt that Lord Fellamar has tried to rape her. She reminds her of her own unmarried status and her former conquests.

Tom is visited by Mrs Miller, Nighingale, Partridge; news that Fitzpatrick has not died yet.

Mrs Miller visits Sophia, brings Tom's letter and tries to reconcile her with Tom.

Mrs Miller tries to convince Allworthy of Tom's goodness.
Blifil uses Dowling for his errands.

Mrs Western still tries to marry Sophia to Lord Fellamar. He is allowed to visit her.

p. 757 "the wise King of Prussia": Frederick the Great, (Ende des Schlesischen Kriegs, 1745)

A Farewel to the Reader (reading a novel is like travelling by coach)

Partridge tells Jones that Mrs Waters is his mother. They have committed incest at Upton (books IX and X)
George offers money; Squire Western takes Sophia back from his sister; he is pleased that she does not want to marry Fellamar.

£500 in 1745 = £60,526.72 in 2002 [http://eh.net/hmit/ppowerbp/]

A letter by Square convinces Allworthy of Tom's partial innocence.
p. 772 "Revolutions of this kind, it is true, do frequently occur in histories and dramatic writers..."

Nightingale saw Dowling together with the false witnesses; Allsworthy finds out that it was Blifil who sent him. Asked about it, he says he wanted to help Tom.

Mrs Waters tells Allworthy that she is not Tom's mother. Tom is the son of Bridget Allworthy and a certain Mr Summer.

Allworthy interrogates Dowling. Tom's innocence is clear now.

Allworthy asks Tom for forgiveness

Mrs Waters has convinced Fitzpatrick that Tom had no affair with Mrs Fitzpatrick; Fitzpatrick and Fellamar get Tom free.
Blifil should get expulsed, Tom pleads for him and grants him an annual provision.
Several mistakes: Allworthy does not return (p.808); he has told Tom about Blifil before; Mrs Miller has already been in the room

Marriages: Tom & Sophia; Mrs Waters and Parson Supple; Molly Seagrim & Partridge; Mrs Fitzgerald gets a divorce, Blifil becomes a methodist to marry a rich widow.